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fuit: deinceps anno 1881 in domum Vicensem Instituti primariam translatum, subter aediculam Sancti Raphaëlis Archangeli apud hortum continentem, in pace quiescit. Itaque fama sanctitatis Servae Dei, adhuc viventis in triplici statu nempe libero, coniugali et religioso, post eius obitum magis in dies usque in praesens clara et diffusa etiam per ipsius gesta publicis commentariis consignata a praestantibus viris Cardinali Sanz y Forés et a P. Iacobo Novell, S. I., excitavit Rmum Dominum Episcopum Vicensem ad Processum informativum auctoritate Ordinaria conficiendum super eadem fama, iuxta veteres recentesque normas. Quibus actis processualibus rite absolutis et ad sacram Rituum Congregationem delatis, servato iuris ordine, de Causae introductione disceptatum est. Instante enim Rmo D. Carmelo Blay, eiusdem Causae postulatore, attentis litteris postulatoriis quorumdam Emorum S. R. E. Cardinalium, plurium Rñorum Archiepiscoporum et Episcoporum presertim Hispaniae, necnon Capitulorum Ecclesiarum Cathedralium, Praepositorum Ordinum seu Congregationum regularium utriusque sexus, praeeunte Antistita Generali Instituti Sororum Carmelitarum a Caritate, una cum praesidibus domorum de la Cortés et Petralbae, aliorumque virorum et mulierum e coetu nobilium, quum scriptorum Servae Dei revisione peracta, nihil obstaret quominus ad ulteriora procederetur infrascriptus Cardinalis Antonius Vico, Episcopus Portuensis et S. Rufi nae, huius Causae Ponens seu Relator, in ordinariis sacrorum rituum Congregationis comitiis subsignata die ad Vaticanum coadunatis, sequens dubium discutiendum proposuit: An signanda sit Commissio introductionis Causae, in casu et ad effectum, de quo agitur? Et Emi ac Rmi Patres sacris tuendis ritibus praepositi, post relationem eiusdem Cardinalis Ponentis, audito voce et scripto R. P. D. Angelo Mariani, Fidei promotore generali, omnibus accurate discussis et perpensis, rescribendum censuerunt: Signandam esse Commissionem introductionis Causae, si Sanctissimo placuerit. Die 18 ianuarii 1920.

Facta postmodum de his Sanctissimo Domino nostro Benedicto Papae XV per infrascriptum Cardinalem Sacrae Rituum Congregationi Praefectum relatione, Sanctitas Sua rescriptum eiusdem sacrae Congregationis ratum habens, propria manu signare dignata est Commissionem introductionis Causae beatificationis et canonizationis Servae Dei Ioachimae de Vedruna de Mas, viduae, fundatricis Congregationis Sororum Carmelitarum a Caritate, die 14, eisdem mense et anno.

L. S.

A. CARD. VICO, Ep. Portuen. et S. Rufinae,

S. R. C. Praefectus.
ALEXANDER VERDE, Secretarius.

VOL. XV-30

DOUBT REGARDING THE INTERPRETATION OF THE DECREE 'INTER RELIQUAS' (JULY 15, 1919) IN THE CASE OF CERTAIN CONGREGATIONS AND RELIGIOUS INSTITUTES

(November 30, 1919)

[This Decree was published in Acta of March, 1920]

SACRA CONGREGATIO DE RELIGIOSIS

DUBIUM

S. Congregationi de Religiosis propositum fuit sequens dubium circa declarationem quoad Decretum Inter reliquas, datam sub die 15 iulii 1919, videlicet:

'Utrum in Congregationibus seu Institutis Religiosis, in quibus ex Constitutionum praescripto post Novitiatum vota annualia emittuntur, Alumni servitio militari adstricti, absoluto Novitiatu admitti valeant ad professiones annuales.'

S. Congregatio, re mature perpensa, respondendum censuit : 'Affirmative: ita tamen ut vota annualia cessent si Religiosi ad servitium militare vocentur, et eo die quo militiae effective adscripti et disciplinae militari subiecti evadant.'

Facta autem de his relatione Ssmo D. N. Benedictio Pp. XV, in audientia diei 30 novembris 1919, ab infrascripto Secretario, Sanctitas Sua eamdem resolutionem approbare dignata est et publici iuris fieri mandavit.

L. S.

MAURUS M. SERAFINI, O.S.B., Secretarius.

DECREE FOR BEATIFICATION OR DECLARATION OF MARTYRDOM OF THE VENERABLE SERVANTS OF GOD, CHARLES LWANGA, MATHIAS MORUMBA AND THEIR ASSOCIATES OF UGANDA

(February 29, 1920)

VICARIATUS APOSTOLICI UGANDEN.

BEATIFICATIONIS SEU DECLARATIONIS MARTYRII VENERABILIUM SERVORUM

DEI CAROLI LWANGA, MATHIAE MURUMBA ET SOCIORUM VULGO 'DE
UGANDA.'

SUPER DUBIO

An constet de martyrio et causa martyrii, signis seu miraculis in casu et ad effectum, de quo agitur?

Studiose simul et iucunde historiam perlegenti praenobilis huius beatificationis, seu declarationis martyrii, causae, quaedam, sponte velut sua, in conspectum se produnt adiuncta, quae causae ipsius dignitatem ac praestantiam mirum in modum exornant atque commendant.

Initio namque ducto a supplicii loco, mens statim ad Africam respicit; quippe quae hoc recenti, quod adeo pulchrum atque praeclarum Ecclesiae peperit, triumpho, ad avitam suam verique nominis gloriam revirescere visa est. Quaedam siquidem peculiaris eiusdem penitioris

Africae regionis pars, quam Ugandam vocant, abhinc plenum nondum expletumque saeculi dimidium, apostolicis irriganda sudoribus, Missionariis commissa fuit, quos non ita pridem, pro Arabum praesertim et Nigritarum conversione, instituerat clarae memoriae perillustris tunc et Reverendissimus Carolus Martialis Lavigerie, Algeriensis archiepiscopus, quibusque Alborum Patrum nomen accessit. Qui sane apostolicorum suorum, quos brevi potius temporis intervallo exantlaverant, laborum opimum satis satisque conspicuum et fructum retulisse atque praemium, iure meritoque nunc laetantur: qui quidem fructus quodque praemium, quanti pluris sit faciendum, lectissima haec causa ostendit planeque significat.

De viginti enim ac duobus agitur Servis Dei, quos veluti incohortes duas secernere iuvat: quarum prior tredecim numero complectitur Dei Famulos, qui igne sunt absumpti quique vocantur: Mbaga Tuzindé, Bruno Séron Kuma, Iacob Buzabaliao, Kizito, Ambrosius Kibuka, Mgagga, Gyavira, Achilles Kiwanuka, Adulphus Ludigo Mkasa, Mukasa, Kiriwanvu (Kilwanon), Anatolius Kiriggwajjo, Lucas Banabakintu, Carolus Lwanga. Altera vero reliquis constat novem, qui non uno eodemque, sed diverso supplicirum genere fuerunt interempti; eisque nomen est: Athanasius Badzekuketta, Pontianus Ngondwé, Gonzague Gonza, Mathias Kalemba Murumba, Andreas Kagwa, Noé Magwalli, Iosephus Mukasa Balikuddembé, Ioannes Maria Muzei (Iamari) et Dionysius Sebuggwao.

Revera, ut locus monet, ab extrinsecis ad intimum digredienti totius causae meritum, hoc probe dignoscendi iustoque pretio aestimandi non difficile facta fuit potestas, omnia et singula sedulo industrieque investigando et perpendendo, quae eo potissimum spectabant, ut tyrannus quis exstiterit, seu persecutor, quaque motus ille causa fuerit ad mortis poenam eamque tam saevam tamque teterrimam Dei Famulis infligendam, clare distincteque edocerent; simulque, alix ex parte, exploratam facerent atque compertam singulorum Servorum Dei personam, aetatem, conditionem aliaque generis eiusdem, maximeque ponerent in aperto causam, qua, quin vel minime exhorruissent, festinarunt immo illi admirabili animi festivitate atque laetitia obviam ire neci omnium atrocissimae, eique superiores prorsus, cunctis spectantibus ipsisque obstupescentibus carnificibus, strenue invicteque sese probaverunt.

Cuncta haec vir prudens, aequus, iustusque veritatis investigator diligenter naviterque quum collegerit, mente complexus fuerit atque meditatus, hoc ipso omne in promptu habet, quo certam ac tutam capiat iudicii deliberationem; quandoquidem ex omnibus, quae supra posita sunt, una simul sumptis expensisque, quaedam necessaria tamquam rei consecutio, nedum martyrii causaeque martyrii iusta atque legitima naturali itinere descendit demonstratio, verum et martyrii ipsius singularis quoque splendor emicat atque nobilitas.

Hac via et ratione propositam quaestionem explanare licuit atque enucleare; reique obtinendae accurata non minus quam severa ubertim contulit disceptatio, quae, semel instituta, bis, ceu de more, repetita deinceps fuit; antepraeparatoriae quippe Congregationi praeparatoria successit eamque subsecuta est Congregatio generalis, quae, die decima huius vertentis mensis, coram Sanctissimo Domino nostro Benedicto Papa XV coacta fuit, in qua a Reverendissimo Cardinali Vincentio Vannutelli, causae Relatore, sequens ad discutiendum propositum est Dubium : An constet de martyrio et causa martyrii, de signis seu miraculis in casu et ad effectum, de quo agitur? Omnes, qui convenerant, tum Reverendissimi Cardinales, tum Patres Consultores, suas quisque ex ordine exposuere sententias, quas tamen Sanctissimus Dominus noster, intento admodum prosecutus quum fuisset animo, ad Sancti Spiritus lumen, in tanta re decernenda, implorandum, cunctis, qui aderant, indixit preces. Iis interim congruum relictum quum iam fuisset spatium, pro supremo Suo proferendo iudicio, hodiernam tunc eligit diem Dominicam secundam in Quadragesima; ideoque, divina Hostia ferventer oblata, ad Vaticanas Aedes advocari iussit Reverendissimos Cardinales Antonium Vico, Episcopum Portuensem et S. Rufinae, sacrae rituum Congregationi Praefectum, et Vincentium Vannutelli, Episcopum Ostiensem et Praenestinum, Sacri Collegii Decanum causaeque Relatorem, una cum R. P. Angelo Mariani, Fidei Promotore generali, meque insimul infrascripto Secretario, eisdemque adstantibus, solemniter pronuntiavit: Constare de martyrio et causa martyrii venerabilium Famulorum Dei Caroli Lwanga, Mathiae Murumba et Sociorum, in casu et ad effectum, de quo agitur.

Hoc autem Decretum publici iuris fieri et in acta sacrae rituum Congregationis inseri mandavit, pridie kalendas martias anno McMxx.

L. S.

A. CARD. VICO, Ep. Portuen. et S. Rufinae,
S. R. C. Praefectus.

ALEXANDER VERDE, Secretarius.

REVIEWS AND NOTES

FATHER WILLIAM DOYLE, S.J. By Alfred 'O'Rahilly. London : Longmans, Green & Co.

FATHER DOYLE was born in Dalkey in 1873. At eighteen he entered the Jesuit novitiate, and was ordained priest at thirty-four. For two years he was on the staff of Belvedere College. During the following seven years he was occupied in giving missions and retreats. Towards the close of 1915, he became a Military Chaplain. Less than two years later he was killed near Ypres; and 'somewhere near the cross-roads of Frezenberg, where he lies buried with them, the chaplain and men of the 48th Brigade are waiting together for the great Reveille.'

Mr. O'Rahilly tells us in the Preface that the Life, which was intended at first to be only a brief memoir, has grown into its present dimensions owing to the discovery, among Father Doyle's few belongings in Rathfarnham Castle, of a series of spiritual journals and personal records. The deceased had left explicit instructions that, in the event of his death, these intimate papers should be burned unopened; but other counsels prevailed, and from these private self-revelations most of the present book has been compiled.

...

Father Doyle's main attraction all through life was self-immolation. 'At the beginning of Lent, when he was quite a little boy, an old aunt, chancing to go into his mother's bedroom, found him gesticulating and talking in front of the mirror. "You villain, you wretch," he kept saying to his reflection, "I'll starve you, I'll murder you! Not a sweet will you get, not a bit of cake will you get!"" As a novice in Tullabeg, he wrote: 'Darling Mother Mary I... solemnly commence my life of slow martyrdom by earnest hard work and constant self-denial. With my blood I promise thee to keep this resolution...' Verifying these words to the letter, he uses his own blood for the ink and seals! Years did not cool his boyhood enthusiasm, and even the hardships at the Front were not enough for him. 'Sometimes I kneel down,' he wrote, 'with outstretched arms and pray God, if it is part of His divine plan, to rain fresh privations and sufferings. But,' he humorously adds, 'I stopped when the mud wall of my little hut fell in upon me-that was too much of a good joke.'

In a special chapter on Mortification and Suffering Mr. O'Rahilly gives the reader a vivid idea of the extraordinary thirst for penance which ever raged in Father Doyle's breast. 'Other souls may travel by other roads,' he once wrote, 'the road of pain is mine.' Absolute, complete sacrifice of every comfort was what he conceived to be the mysterious appeal of Our Blessed Lord to him; and so he

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