Bread and Salt: A Social and Economic History of Food and Drink in Russia

Couverture
Cambridge University Press, 1984 - 391 pages
Bread and Salt - a literal translation of the Russian word for hospitality - explores the social and economic implications of eating and drinking in Russia in the thousand years before 1900. Eating and drinking are viewed here as social activities which involves the economics of production, storage and distribution of food stuffs. These activities attract both social controls and state taxation; in this way the everyday process of eating and drinking is linked with the history of Russia. The dominance of grain in the diet throughout the period and the importance of salt, as implied in the title, are dealt with, as are the early Russian beer-drinking fraternities. The relatively late introduction of spirits, in the from of vodka, and it disastrous consequences in social terms are described. Tea and the samovar, also much more a latecomer than is generally realized, did little to diminish excessive drinking. Drinking, in any event, was by no means discourage by the state, since it was a major source of state income. The final section of the book looks at rural diets in the nineteenth century, when some variation and new items, such as the potato, became important. At the same time, peasants depended basically on the grain crop, as they had for thousands of years. Forced by txation to enter the market, afflicted by severe famines towards the end of the century, many peasants ate and drank no better as a result of the modernization of the county.
 

Table des matières

grain and game
5
Reapers fed by angels sixteenth century Podobedova Miniatyury
14
Oldtime hospitality mideighteenth century Yu Ovsyannikov Lubok no 45 171
19
Tiled stove eighteenth century Yu Ovsyannikov Russkie izraztsy
20
Gingerbread board I Golyshev Atlas risunkov so starinnykh pryan
21
a major extractive industry
27
Boiling brine sixteenth century ORK XIIIXVV 1 141
28
A portable salt container nineteenth century A S Bezhkovich
73
A market for berries Moscow late nineteenth century V A Gilya rovskii Moskva i moskvichi facing p 129
253
Peasant carts outside a Moscow railway station Ibid facing p 128
256
Selling live fish nineteenth century J A Atkinson J Walker A Picturesque Representation vol III fish barks
269
Street sellers of birds game caviare and toddy nineteenth century P Artamof La Russie historique monumentale et pittoresque vol
271
Mushroom market in Moscow late nineteenth century Gilya
277
Tavern and treasury
288
rovskii Moskva i moskvichi between pp 288 and 289
289
1 Per capita consumption of vodka litres 18191905
295

ale and alchemy
74
Commemoration of parents A Olearius Der Weltberuehmten
80
A musical bear and goat S A Klepikov Byulleten Gosudarstven
96
Distillation Bogoyavlenskii Drevnerusskoe vrachevanie 81
104
the seventeenth century
109
The tsar at table sixteenth century Jacob Ulfeld Hodoeporicon
114
A market sixteenth century Bogoyavlenskii Drevnerusskoe vrache
135
Meal of the pious and the dishonourable Bakhtin Moldavskii Rus
153
ishnykh dosok Vyaznikovskago uezda Vladimirskoi gubernii
180
viii
202
Making pancakes Yu Ovsyannikov Lubok no 64
222
Kvas seller c 1780 Le Prince Divers ajustements et usages
226
A samovar E A Ivanova Russkie samovary no 22
238
Toddy seller Bakhtin Moldavskii Russkii lubok no 61
239
Peasant dwelling with stove and samovar A A Bobrinskii Narod nyya russkiya izdeliya fasc 7 plate 94 no 3
241
RURAL DIETS ON THE EVE OF CHANGE
249
A late nineteenthcentury pub Bakhtin Moldavskii Russkii lubok no 66
300
2 Liquor taxes as proportion of ordinary revenue 18051913
302
Official business round A lithograph by P Sheshtakov 1858
308
Cartoon on the proposed abolition of the liquor farm 1859 Iskra 12
312
5 Revenue from liquor taxes mln silver rubles 18081913
313
Outside a country inn Artamof La Russie vol 11 37
318
Good times and bad
327
1 Seasonal and class variations in diet
335
4 Net harvests of all grains and potatoes Penza province
343
The 1891 famine The London Illustrated News 6 February 1892 181
348
Carpenters The Royal Library Copenhagen
354
Conclusion
357
Main locations involved in the salt industry in Russia before
358
Index
379
Droits d'auteur

Autres éditions - Tout afficher

Expressions et termes fréquents

Informations bibliographiques