The Growth of English Industry and Commerce

William Cunningham

CUP Archive, 1938

0 Avis

Les avis ne sont pas validés, mais Google recherche et supprime les faux contenus lorsqu'ils sont identifiés

Aperçu du livre »

Avis des internautes - Rédiger un commentaire

Aucun commentaire n'a été trouvé aux emplacements habituels.

Pages sélectionnées

Table des matières

INTRODUCTION	1

lution which began in England entails a complete alteration of social	4

National Ambition for Maritime Power The rising patriotic	13

THE REIGN OF ELIZABETH	20

new processes nor of new implements	22

choice of employments so as to favour rural districts and corporate towns	26

stimulated the coal trade which had been growing through the demand	28

measures supervise the quality of products and goods exposed for sale	32

League were finally ousted from their privileged position and the Merchant	232

The Reaction of Commerce on the Landed Interests	233

The Revolt of the Colonies The severance of the American	238

Factories and Cottage Industries The concentration of labour	245

revolution first occurred through the inventions which Arkwright rendered	248

phleteers treated economic questions according to empirical methods	253

Company were made as separate ventures though each was on a common	255

The War and Fluctuations in Maritime Intercourse The	256

liability and these were largely used for transoceanic shipping The trade	33

estate management in the seventeenth century depended not on wool	47

overcome The granting of monopolies began with mining and metallurgical	60

occurred in the local distribution of industry can sometimes be explained	72

chiefly practised for subsistence but with a view to the market so that	85

was a phase in the progress of Capitalism and led to increased division	86

communication had often been projected for conveying corn and the	104

The Recoinage of Silver On the accession of Elizabeth	127

of the time chiefly took the form of reclaiming land from inundation	129

950	130

were habitually taken to open and retain foreign markets for English cloth	137

ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEDIAEVAL AND MODERN SOCIETY	161

large earnings to those woollen weavers who found employment but	164

population could be absorbed criminals and prisoners of war were trans	165

The Statute of Artificers In Elizabeths reign the rules	167

The Assessment of Wages With the view of providing that	168

THE STUARTS	170

The Introduction of New Industries from Abroad Burleigh	172

GENERAL INDEX	173

The Plantations The enterprise of landed men in establishing	177

Gold Coins and Foreign Monetary Relations Current gold coins	179

Financial Embarrassments The Stuarts did not limit their	183

of the Crown The Portuguese marriage and the treaty with Spain	186

Local Connections The existence of Companies even if beneficial	191

contrast between the high aims of the Stuarts and the notorious corruption	193

the African trade Several Companies were organised in succession under	195

English development was affected by the conscious imitation of continental	206

plantations was the special characteristic of English colonisation	210

controlled the administrative system The legislative method of fostering	211

made deliberate efforts to foster native industries and granted patents	212

PRIVILEGED COMPANIES FOR COMMERCE	214

Differentiation of an Employing Class in other Trades	228

The National Debt and the Sinking Fund Much of the fiscal	258

evitable difficulties of transition were aggravated by the fluctuations of trade	262

The Combination Laws The working classes not only failed	264

The Humanitarians and Robert Owen English public opinion	266

the progress of the country appeared to be given by the prosperity	270

differentiation of an employing class occurred in the spinning trade and	275

successful jointstock Company The enterprise was opened up by French	279

Laissez Faire in Commerce The treatment of the recent economic	281

THE REGULATION OF SOCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS	285

progress of improvement and enclosure put an end to subsistence farming	288

new power over the plantations in a jealous spirit as they were afraid	291

involved the decay of cottage employment and increased the differentiation	292

view of maintaining the quality of goods arrangements were made	295

was difficult to organise regulation in the suburbs or to prevent over	312

to alien merchants to invest their capital and to come and reside	324

THE BEGINNINGS OF EXPANSION	331

the chief force at work Virginia and the West India Islands attracted	342

plantations was committed either to noble proprietors who had	352

approval to schemes for colonisation but like his father he was anxious	367

THE LANDED INTEREST	372

and other countries seemed to be shown by the balance of trade which	402

PUBLIC FINANCE	419

CURRENCY AND CREDIT	431

which advanced money on more favourable terms than the goldsmiths	441

formation of capital there The Bank of Scotland issued 1 notes to	456

Revolution Parliament became supreme over economic affairs but	458

rampant The malpractice of the officials and the impoverished condition	471

for the employment of shipping the statesmen of the day maintained their	483

organised under Elizabeth and was developed by the establishment of	490

incursion gave opportunities for planting new industries which Parliament	515

trade underwent little change in organisation but was exposed to difficulties	526

specially noticeable in Ireland after the Union for she could not take	592